dementia
A meta-analysis of studies examining the association between diet and the risk of dementia in individuals over 60 years of age found that those adhering to the Mediterranean diet had an 11% lower risk of developing dementia. The reduction in risk was most pronounced for Alzheimer’s disease, with the elderly following the Mediterranean diet experiencing a 27% lower likelihood of developing Alzheimer’s. The findings were published in Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. Dementia is a broad category of brain disorders characterized by a decline in memory, language, problem-solving, and other...
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If you or a loved one have noticed changes in your memory or thinking as you’ve grown older, this could reflect typical changes that occur with ageing. In some cases though, it might suggest something more, such as the onset of dementia. The best thing to do if you have concerns is to make an appointment with your GP, who will probably run some tests. Assessment is important because if there is something more going on, early diagnosis can enable prompt access to the right interventions, supports and care. But current methods of dementia screening have limitations, and testing can be daunting f...
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Dementia is often described as “the long goodbye”. Although the person is still alive, dementia slowly and irreversibly chips away at their memories and the qualities that make someone “them”. Dementia eventually takes away the person’s ability to communicate, eat and drink on their own, understand where they are, and recognise family members. Since as early as the 19th century, stories from loved ones, caregivers and health-care workers have described some people with dementia suddenly becoming lucid. They have described the person engaging in meaningful conversation, sharing memories that we...
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A longitudinal study of older adults has shown that individuals with higher concentrations of amyloid beta proteins in their brains experienced accelerated cognitive decline. This finding suggests that a single positron emission tomography (PET) scan assessing amyloid beta protein levels in the brain could be sufficient to predict the rate of cognitive decline in individuals. The study was published in the journal NeuroImage: Clinical. Amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques are protein deposits that accumulate in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and, to a lesser extent, in several other t...
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Older individuals experiencing a faster reduction in the volume of the hippocampus region of the brain also exhibited quicker cognitive decline, according to new research. This correlation did not rely on the accumulation of abnormal proteins in the brain. The findings were published in the journal Neurology. Cognitive abilities undergo significant changes throughout the human lifespan. In childhood, these skills develop rapidly, while in adulthood, they generally stabilize. Typically, humans reach their peak cognitive performance in their late 20s to early 30s. As adults transition into middl...
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A recent study published in the journal Neurologyprovides evidence that individuals engaged in cognitively stimulating occupations throughout their midlife — specifically their 30s through 60s — are less likely to develop mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia after the age of 70. This research underscores the potential of mental engagement at work to bolster cognitive function well into old age, marking a significant advance by employing objective data to substantiate these findings. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition characterized by a noticeable decline in cognitive abilit...
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An analysis of Project Talent Aging Study data has found that individuals who had better cognitive ability as adolescents were less likely to develop dementia 60 years later. Education played a mediating role, with better-educated individuals showing a reduced likelihood of developing dementia. The paper was published in the Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association. Dementia is a general term for a decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with daily life, encompassing various symptoms related to memory loss, reasoning, problem-solving, and other cognitive functions. It is typically c...
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A small study conducted in the United Kingdom has found that individuals with frontotemporal dementia who had engaged in musical activities earlier in life demonstrated superior social and emotional functioning. Those who devoted more time to music listening also exhibited enhanced empathy. The research was published in the Frontiers in Neurology. Frontotemporal dementia is a group of brain disorders that primarily affect the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, regions associated with personality, behavior, and language. It is characterized by the degeneration of nerve cells in these area...
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A new study reveals that human brains have been getting larger over recent decades. Specifically, people born in the 1970s were found to have brain volumes 6.6% larger and brain surface areas almost 15% larger than those born in the 1930s. This increase in brain size, the researchers suggest, could be boosting our brain reserve, potentially lowering the risk of age-related dementias. The findings have been published inJAMA Neurology. The overall health of Americans has significantly improved over the past century, despite persisting health disparities. With people living longer, there’s a grow...
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Mild cognitive impairment – an early stage of dementia – is widely underdiagnosed in people 65 and older. That is the key takeaway of two recent studies from our team. In the first study, we used Medicare data for about 40 million beneficiaries age 65 and older from 2015 to 2019 to estimate the prevalence of mild cognitive impairment in that population and to identify what proportion of them had actually been diagnosed. Our finding was sobering: A mere 8% of the number of cases with mild cognitive impairment that we expected based on a statistical model had actually been diagnosed. Scaled up t...
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