Amazon
By Timothy J. Killeen All three legacy-oil pipelines in the Andean Amazon system are old. The Oleoducto Transandino Colombiano (OTC) has been operating for 53 years, followed by the Sistema de Oleoducto Transecuatoriano (SOTE) at 50 years and the Oleoducto Norperuano (ONP) at 45 years. Pipeline technology has changed dramatically since their construction, with improvements in steel alloys, welding technology and surface coverings. These systems’ greatest flaw, however, was the decision to build them above ground, a practice that had been abandoned by the industry in its US-based systems long b...
Mongabay
By Aimee Gabay A recent report has revealed a spike in deforestation in the buffer zone of one of the world’s best-protected areas, Peru’s Amarakaeri Communal Reserve. Between 2001 and 2023, 19,978 hectares (49,367 acres) of forest were lost in the buffer zone of the reserve, which is home to the ancestral lands of the Indigenous Harakbut, Yine and Matsiguenka peoples. According to the report by the Monitoring of the Andean Amazon Project (MAAP), there are several factors for this trend, including illegal mining, coca cultivation and creation of landing strips, and new road developments. Amara...
Mongabay
By Aimee Gabay Indigenous organizations from Peru and Brazil are joining forces to push their respective governments to safeguard a 16-million-hectare (39.5-million-acre) territorial corridor in the Amazon that stretches from the Tapiche River in Peru to the Yavarí River in Brazil. The 15 Indigenous organizations, which include the Indigenous Peoples of the Eastern Amazon (ORPIO) from Peru and the Union of Indigenous Peoples of the Javarí Valley from Brazil, plan to create a binational commission to define cross-border policies for the protection of peoples in isolation and initial contact (PI...
Mongabay
By Fernanda Wenzel 2023 was a game-changer for the Brazilian gold industry. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva took office as president with the promise to put Brazil’s environmental policy back on track again after four years of Jair Bolsonaro’s pro-illegal mining administration. The repercussions of the humanitarian crisis in the Yanomami Indigenous Territory, with images of severely malnourished Indigenous broadcast all over the world, increased the pressure on authorities to put a halt on the production and trade of illegal gold. The territory, which straddles the states of Roraima and Amazonas, ha...
Mongabay
By Peter Speetjens A professor of anthropology at the University of Illinois Chicago, Anna Roosevelt has been dubbed the “matriarch” of archaeology in the Amazon River Basin. In a career spanning some 40 years, she has authored more than a hundred scientific articles and a dozen books, which helped accomplish a radical shift in the way we perceive the past of the human presence in the Amazon. Known as environmental determinism, the dominant view for decades was that the tropical rainforest was too hostile, too wet, too infertile to bring forth any complex culture. Additionally, the human prese...
Mongabay
By Laila Abu Shihab Vergara “Don’t go to Zabaleta because they’re going to kill you.” “Why are they going to kill me if I haven’t done anything?” “They’re going to kill you, please don’t go to your house.” “How do you know that?” “Someone told me: ‘Tell your sister, for the love of God, to not to get involved because they’ve already planned that they’ll kill her when she enters the town.’” This unexpected, hurried, and difficult conversation occurred on August 7, 2018, between María Alis Ramírez, an environmental defender from the southern Colombian department of Caquetá, and one of her nine s...
Mongabay
By Timothy J. Killeen Gold is universally recognized as a form of money that has retained value over decades, centuries and millennia. Since it is non-corrosive and precious, approximately 95% of the gold mined since the dawn of civilization remains in circulation (~205 million tonnes). The largest share (~47%) is held as jewelry, which in addition to its sentimental value is an important store of family wealth. Governments hold ~17%, which was used historically to back the value of national currencies and, although this is no longer the case, these reserves are often used in times of politica...
Mongabay
By Justin Catanoso In the nonstop battle to curtail illegal gold mining across the Amazon and the massive damage it does to rainforests, biodiversity and human health, a Brazilian research team has sharpened an economic valuation tool to help law enforcement more effectively prosecute companies buying illegal gold for sale in foreign markets. The new research by the Conservation Strategy Fund (CSF) Brazil and published in January in the peer-reviewed journal Policy Resources is seen as bolstering the so-called Mining Impacts Calculator. The calculator was launched in Brazil in 2021 and adopted...
Mongabay
By Max Radwin Flooding caused by heavy rains in central Peru in March displaced hundreds of Indigenous families and destroyed their sustainable agroforestry projects, raising concerns about how they’ll recover and what steps need to be taken to protect against future extreme weather events. Heavy rains likely caused by El Niño began flooding the Ene River the first week of March, with waters reaching around 2 feet high and spreading across 5,000 hectares (12,355 acres) of land occupied by around 300 Indigenous Asháninka families. The flood destroyed their crops and forced them to relocate to n...
Mongabay
By Jenny Gonzales Faced with the global challenge of ending the deforestation of tropical forests without enough resources for the task, at the end of 2023, the Brazilian government launched a mechanism to encourage forest conservation. How? Creating a payment system per hectare of preserved or recovered forest to those responsible for its preservation. If a hectare ends up deforested instead of preserved, the opposite happens: Landowners no longer receive the equivalent of 100 times the value of the preserved hectare. “Tropical forests are essential for biodiversity,” Minister of Environment ...
Mongabay
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